Encephalitis

Japanese encephalitis virus

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The cause of an encephalitis is not always immediately evident. Beyond autoimmune encephalitis, an encephalitis can result from an infection with herpes simplex, varicella zoster or other viruses spread by animals, such as tick-borne encephalitis, Japanese encephalitis, rabies, and perhaps even Zika virus can infect the central nervous system (CNS). An encephalitis caused by a virus is thus termed “viral encephalitis”.

Infected patients suffer from an acute onset of fever and present clinical symptoms caused by the infected CNS such as headache, confusion, seizure, stiff neck and meningitis. If left untreated, the disease likely will be fatal. While an anti-viral therapy should cure the disease, a vaccination can protect people and is especially indicated for those living in regions where the encephalitis virus is endemic.

CRS has successfully performed a phase III clinical trial on a new encephalitis vaccine

The Japanese encephalitis (JE) is caused by the Japanese encephalitis virus (JEV). JEV is a flavivirus, a genus in the family Flaviviridae, which is related to dengue, yellow fever and West Nile viruses. The flavivirus infects both, animals and humans and is spread through infected arthropods, in particular through mosquito or tick bites.

JEV is the most frequent cause of a viral encephalitis in Asia, with most cases seen in children in the age under 15 years, although the infection rate in people aged over 50 years is increasing.

JE is one of the most significant forms of epidemic viral encephalitis and can be prevented with a vaccine. CRS has already performed a Phase III clinic al trial to investigate the safety and tolerability of a new vaccine against JE.

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